What Is Mental And Behavioral Disorders Due To Use Of Cocaine

What Causes Mental and behavioral disorders due to use of cocaine. How to identify the symptoms, how to diagnose and how to treat this mental disorder? Read the article below.

Cocaine comes in the form of cocaine-HCl, cocaine-base. The first has a bitter taste and is soluble in water. To the powder are added more cheap stimulants, as well as local anesthetics, “freezing” effects which are taken for the effects of cocaine. Crystals of the alkaloid cocaine are obtained by heating or smoking (crack) cocaine-base powder by mixing it with water and baking soda. The drug is introduced into the I / O, it is smoked, snorted. It increases the synaptic levels of dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin, by inhibiting their reuptake into the synaptic cleft.

Symptoms of mental and behavioral disorders due to use of cocaine:

Acute intoxication

Euphoria, energy boost, allowing increased possibilities of perception, increased mental alertness, reduced appetite, anxiety, reduced need for sleep, increased self-confidence.

The use with harmful consequences

Chest pain, myocardial infarction, sudden death, pneumothorax, pulmonary edema, keratitis, ulcerative gingivitis, the change of smell. There are also episodes of depression and anxiety, tendency to suicide and accidents, seizures, hyperthermia.

Dependence syndrome

The rapid development of physical and psychological dependence.

Withdrawal syndrome

After a period of 1-5 days it is celebrated breaking the withdrawal syndrome. There is typical depression, depression, irritability, insomnia, apathy, lethargy.

Psychotic disorder

The symptoms are cocaine delirium with tactile and olfactory hallucinations, incoherent thinking, disorientation, cocaine delusional disorder with ideas of persecution, suspiciousness, bouts of aggression, schizophrenia-like cocaine disorder with inadequate behavior, dysphoria, auditory, visual and tactile hallucinations (cocaine bugs, swarming under the skin), ideas of influence.

Amnestic syndrome

Fixation amnesia, retro, anterograde amnesia.

A residual state and a psychotic disorder with a lag debut

In the residual period there are tics, echolalia, ataxia, and obsessive compulsive disorder, delayed psychosis with depression, delusions, schizophreniform states.

Diagnosis of mental and behavioral disorders due to use of cocaine:

The symptoms of cocaine intoxication, in particular nasal septum perforation, cocaine traces on the site of injection (orange-pink bruises), stained finger as a result of repeated contact with the finger wheel lighters, hand with burn changes, erosion of teeth.

Differential diagnosis

It is necessary to distinguish mental and behavioral disorders due to use of other substances.

Treatment of mental and behavioral disorders due to use of cocaine:

Detoxification with bromocriptine and anti-depressants. Benzodiazepines, cooling wrap, beta-blockers and calcium channel blockers, activated charcoal and laxatives. Psychotherapy, directed against a relapse, is behavioral therapy.